Colours of Rainbow - Class 8th

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A - Question - Answers

Q1. What did the narrator observe when he looked out?

Ans: He noticed that after the rain had stopped, the sky had become clear and the sun had come out. He also saw small drops of water slowly falling from the leaves of the chilli plant, which had grown just outside the window of his room. This beautiful sight caught his attention.

Q2. Why was the narrator unable to pay attention to what his daughter was saying?

Ans: The narrator was enjoying the beauty of nature after the rainfall. He was so deeply lost in looking at the clean sky, the shining sun, and the fresh plants that he did not even hear what his daughter was saying to him. He was fully absorbed in the peaceful moment.

Q3. Why did the narrator have a tiff with his wife?

Ans: The narrator’s wife had made tea for him and had told him many times to take it. But the narrator was lost in his own thoughts and didn’t respond to her. His wife became upset and started shouting at him. This disturbed the narrator, and as a result, they had a small argument.

Q4. What did the narrator find when he returned home late at night?

Ans: When he came back home, he saw that his children were already asleep. His wife was sitting alone, all by herself. She had been waiting for him to return.

Q5. Why did the narrator not have an appetite?

Ans: The narrator had already eaten enough outside. That is why he was not feeling hungry and had no desire to eat more.

B - Part (Book Page No. 96)

The following phrases, phrasal verbs and idioms occur in the text. Find the sentences in which they occur: burst into laughter, close by, looked at, cope with, wan and weak, all by herself, feel homesick, grown up, in a huff, lost sight of, get up, got fed up with, picked up, hard up.

🔹 Definitions (with Hindi meanings):

1. Phrase

A phrase is a group of words that works together to give meaning, but does not have a subject and verb.
👉 Example: all by herself
वाक्यांश – शब्दों का समूह जिसका अपना एक अर्थ होता है, लेकिन वह पूरा वाक्य नहीं होता।

2. Phrasal Verb

A phrasal verb is a verb + preposition/adverb that gives a special meaning.
👉 Example: wait for, get up
संयुक्त क्रिया – मुख्य क्रिया के साथ एक या दो शब्द मिलकर नया अर्थ बनाते हैं।

3. Idiom

An idiom is a group of words whose meaning is different from the meaning of the individual words.
👉 Example: burst into laughter
मुहावरा – जिनका अर्थ शब्दों के सामान्य अर्थ से अलग होता है।

From the chapter:

1. Then both of us burst into laughter.

2. She seated herself close by and began fanning me with a hand fan.

3. I dipped the morsel inn the vegetable curry and looked at her.

4. "If you find it difficult to cope with all this, you should have asked your father to marry you in a well-to-do family."

5. She had not eaten since morning. Her face showed it : It was wan and weak.

6. My wife was sitting all by herself.

7. If you ask me, actually I was feeling homesick.

8. "You are grown up now."

9. I got up in a huff.

10. I lost sight of the seven-coloured swing.

11. 'Get up, Bittoo, see Papa and Mummy who were cross with each other, are friends again and are talking to each other."

12. "You must've got fed up with me, but I am no less fed up with you."

13. The sun had gone beyond the clouds and the wind had picked up speed.

14. Some days passed comfortable but most of the time we were hard up.

Own Sentences with Meanings:

1. Burst into laughter (suddenly started laughing)
She burst into laughter after hearing the joke.
👉 (हँसी में फूट पड़ना)

2. Close by (nearby)

My school is close by.
👉 (पास में)

3. Looked at (saw or watched)
He looked at the stars.
👉 (की ओर देखा)

4. Cope with (manage or deal with)

I can’t cope with this much homework.
👉 (सामना करना / निपटना)

5. Wan and weak (pale and tired)
After the illness, she looked wan and weak.
👉 (पीली और कमजोर)

6. All by herself (alone)
She cleaned the room all by herself.
👉 (अपने आप / अकेले)

7. Feel homesick (miss home)
I feel homesick at boarding school.
👉 (घर की याद आना)

8. Grown up (become older or mature)
He has grown up so fast.
👉 (बड़ा हो गया)

9. In a huff (angrily or upset)
She left in a huff.
👉 (गुस्से में)

10. Lost sight of (couldn’t see anymore)
I lost sight of the kite in the sky.
👉 (दृष्टि से ओझल हो गया)

11. Get up (wake up or rise)
I get up at 6 every morning.
👉 (उठना)

12. Got fed up with (became tired or bored of something)
He got fed up with waiting.
👉 (तंग आ गया / ऊब गया)

13. Picked up (took or lifted something)
She picked up the phone.
👉 (उठाया)

14. Hard up (having little money)

We were hard up last month.
👉 (पैसों की कमी होना)

C-Part (Book Page No. 96) 

There are many Hindi Words used in the story. List those Hindi words and write them below:

Ans: Papaji, Gudda-Guddi, Thali, Oon-hoon, etc.

Language Work (Book Page No. 96-97)

Binomials are fixed expressions (निश्चित वाक्यांश / शब्दों का प्रयोग) where two words are joined by a conjunction like 'and' or 'or.'

Features of Binomials:

1. Fixed order – The two words almost always appear in a particular sequence (e.g., black and white, not white and black).

2. Connected with a conjunction – Most commonly and (sometimes or).

3. Often idiomatic – The meaning may not always be clear from the individual words.

Types of Binomials:

1. Binomials with “and” (most common)
Example: bread and butter (meaning: livelihood)
Example: safe and sound (meaning: completely safe)

2. Binomials with “or”
Example: sooner or later (meaning: eventually - आख़िरकार / अंत में / धीरे-धीरे करके)
Example: take it or leave it (meaning: accept it as it is or reject it)

3. Rhyming binomials
Example: odds and ends, hustle and bustle

4. Alliterative binomials (same starting sound)
Example: prim and proper, safe and sound

5. Binomials with contrast
Example: high and low, give and take

Hindi Explanation:

Binomials वे युग्म शब्द होते हैं जो एक निश्चित क्रम में एक साथ प्रयोग किए जाते हैं, और जिनका संयुक्त अर्थ कभी-कभी शब्दों के सामान्य अर्थ से अलग होता है।

उदाहरण: 

Bread and butter = रोज़ी-रोटी
High and dry = अकेला और असहाय
Give and take = लेन-देन या समझौता

I. Here are some jumbled binomials. Using similarities in sound, join them with 'and':

1. Prim and proper (शिष्ट और मर्यादित)
She always looks prim and proper.

2. Bread and butter (आजीविका का मुख्य साधन)
Farming is his bread and butter.

3. All and sundry (हर कोई, सभी लोग)
He invited all and sundry to the wedding.

4. High and dry (अकेला और असहाय)
They left me high and dry.

5. Rough and tough (सख्त और मजबूत)
He is a rough and tough soldier.

6. Safe and sound (सकुशल और सुरक्षित)
The child came home safe and sound.

7. Odds and ends (इधर-उधर की चीज़ें)
The box was full of odds and ends.

8. Give and take (आपसी समझौता)
Friendship needs give and take.

II. Binomials

1. law and order
2. now and then
3. hit and miss
4. clean and tidy
5. pick and choose
6. sick and terrible
7. leaps and bounds

Explanation: 

1. Law and order
👉 Hindi meaning: क़ानून और व्यवस्था
🔸 Sentence: The police worked hard to maintain law and order.
🔹 पुलिस ने क़ानून और व्यवस्था बनाए रखने के लिए कड़ी मेहनत की।

2. Now and then
👉 Hindi meaning: कभी-कभी
🔸 Sentence: I watch movies now and then.
🔹 मैं कभी-कभी फिल्में देखता हूँ।

3. Hit and miss
👉 Hindi meaning: कभी सफल, कभी असफल / अनिश्चित
🔸 Sentence: The internet connection here is hit and miss.
🔹 यहाँ इंटरनेट कनेक्शन कभी चलता है, कभी नहीं।

4. Clean and tidy
👉 Hindi meaning: साफ-सुथरा
🔸 Sentence: Her room is always clean and tidy.
🔹 उसका कमरा हमेशा साफ-सुथरा रहता है।

5. Pick and choose
👉 Hindi meaning: पसंद से चुनना
🔸 Sentence: You can't pick and choose your tasks at work.
🔹 आप ऑफिस में अपने काम चुन नहीं सकते।

6. Sick and terrible
👉 Hindi meaning: बहुत बीमार और कमजोर / हालत बहुत खराब
🔸 Sentence: He looked sick and terrible after the fever.
🔹 बुखार के बाद वह बहुत बीमार और कमजोर लग रहा था।

7. Leaps and bounds
👉 Hindi meaning: बहुत तेज़ी से (उन्नति या प्रगति)
🔸 Sentence: Her English has improved by leaps and bounds.
🔹 उसका अंग्रेज़ी में सुधार बहुत तेज़ी से हुआ है।

III. The following binomials do not have 'and' in the middle. What do they have?

1. Sooner or later
2. All or nothing
3. Back to front
4. Sink or swim
5. Slowly but surely
6. Make or break

Use the following binomials in your own sentences: (Page No. 97)

1. Part and parcel (अभिन्न हिस्सा)
Homework is part and parcel of school life.

2. Pick and choose (चुन-चुन कर लेना)
You can't always pick and choose your work.

3. Leaps and bounds (तेजी से प्रगति)
He is improving in studies by leaps and bounds.

4. Peace and quiet (शांति और सुकून)
I need some peace and quiet to read.

5. First and foremost (सबसे पहले और सबसे ज़रूरी)
First and foremost, be honest.

6. Here and there (इधर-उधर)
Books were lying here and there.

7. On and off (कभी-कभी / रुक-रुक कर)
It rained on and off all day.

8. To and fro (आगे-पीछे / इधर-उधर हिलना)
The swing moved to and fro.

9. Ladies and gentlemen (देवियों और सज्जनों)
Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the show.

10. Black and white (काला और सफेद / साफ-साफ)
The photo is in black and white.

11. Sooner and later (जल्दी या देर से / कभी-न-कभी)
Sooner or later, he will tell the truth.

12. Hot and cold (कभी गर्म कभी ठंडा / बदलता मूड)
The weather is hot and cold these days.

Grammar Work

Question Tags:

Question tags are short questions added at the end of a sentence to confirm or check information. They are usually used in speaking and informal writing.

Simple Definition:

A question tag turns a statement into a question. It’s like saying “Right?” or “Isn’t it?” at the end.

Rules:

1. If the sentence is positive, the question tag is negative.

            Example:
            She is a teacher, isn’t she?

2. If the sentence is negative, the question tag is positive.

            Example:
            He isn’t coming, is he?

3. After let's, the question tag is 'shall we?':

            Example:

            Let's go for a walk, shall we?

4. After the imperative (Do.... / Don't do... etc), the tag is usually 'will you?':

            Example:

            Open the door, will you?

            Don't be late, will you?

            Kindly help me, will you?

5. Note that the question tag of 'am' is 'aren't', not am I not.

            Example:

            I'm a student, aren't I?
            

More Examples:

• You are tired, aren’t you?

• They don’t eat meat, do they?

• It’s raining, isn’t it?

• We should go now, shouldn’t we?

• She can drive, can’t she?

Examples with Hindi Meaning:

1. You are a student, aren’t you?
तुम एक छात्र हो, है ना?
2. He is not coming, is he?
वह नहीं आ रहा है, है क्या?
3. She can sing well, can’t she?
वह अच्छा गा सकती है, है ना?
4. They don’t play cricket, do they?
वे क्रिकेट नहीं खेलते, क्या वे?
5. We should leave now, shouldn’t we?
हमें अब निकलना चाहिए, है ना?
6. It’s a beautiful day, isn’t it?
आज का दिन बहुत सुंदर है, है ना?
7. You haven’t finished your work, have you?
तुमने अपना काम पूरा नहीं किया है, क्या तुमने?

Now put a question tag at the end of the following sentences. The first two have been done for you:

1. Tom won't be late, will he? ✅
2. You're tired, aren't you? ✅
3. You've got a camera, haven't you?

4. You weren't listening, were you?

5. She doesn't know Aneeka, does she?
6. Mubashir is on holiday, isn't he?
7. Ram's applied for a job, hasn't he?
8. You can speak Dogri, can't you?
9. He won't mind if I use his phone, will he?
10. There are a lot of people here, aren't there?
11. Let's go out tonight, shall we?
12. This isn't very interesting, is this?
13. I'm too impatient, aren't I? (Note: “aren’t I” is the correct tag for “I am”)
14. You wouldn't tell anyone, would you?
15. You wouldn't listen, would you?
16. I shouldn't have lost my temper, should I?
17. Don't drop that vase, will you?
18. You'd never met me before, had you?